A divalent cation. The solubility of strontium sulfate is low and can cause a RO scaling problem in the back-end of a RO. Strontium sulfate solubility is lower with increasing sulfate levels and decreasing temperatures. Typically, strontium can be found in some well waters where lead ores are also present, with typical concentrations less than 15 ppm. With saturation [....]
A method for reporting the concentration of an ion or substance in a water.
The following conversions apply for dilute waters with a specific gravity of 1.0: One ppm is equal to one mg/L. One Grain per U.S. Gallon is equal to 17.1 ppm. One Pound per 1,000 U.S. Gallons is equal to 120 ppm. A one [....]
A monovalent anion. Nitrate salts are highly soluble and do not cause a RO scaling problem. Nitrate, along with ammonia gas and ammonium, is a nitrogen-based ion whose presence is tied with nature’s nitrogen cycle. The primary sources of nitrogen introduction in a feed water come from decomposing animal and plant waste, septic systems, animal feed lot runoff, or [....]
A monovalent cation. It is typically found at much lower concentrations than sodium. The salts of potassium are highly soluble and do not cause a RO scaling problem. [....]
A method to report the concentration of an ion or substance in a water.
The following conversions apply for dilute waters with a specific gravity of 1.0: One ppb is equal to one microgram per liter (ug/L). One ppm is equal to 1,000 ppb. [....]
A divalent cation. Magnesium can account for about a third of the hardness in a brackish water, but can have a concentration five times higher than calcium in sea water. The solubility of magnesium salts is high and typically does not cause a scaling problem in RO systems. [....]